Challenges and Implications for the Mining Industry for Future Resources Extraction

Epochs of human civilization are marked by the sources materials used at periods, namely: Stone Age, Bronze Iron Age and Silicon Age. The these eras were mined can be linked to development mining for benefit society. same epochs indications advances in Materials Science Engineering. We now Smart or Intelligent age. One key drivers era is sustainable development. To achieve development, G8 countries agreed on 3R Initiative Sea Island Summit June 2004 that was launched Ministerial Conference Tokyo 2005. 3Rs concept refers Reduce, Reuse Recycle it extended 4Rs include “Recover”. There potential further extend 5Rs Reprocess. Achieving objectives within Sustainable Development Goals United Nations involves a critical look how renewable energy developed. A source resources mining. Unfortunately, considered intolerable antagonistic context environmental friendliness its contribution fossil fuel use consequences. ensures resource recovery processing will make availability Regrettably, currently faces aggressive challenges with bleak future accomplishing objectives.